What are the safety risks of pressure vessels?

I. Equipment-Specific Risks

1. Cracks: Cracks in welds or vessel walls can lead to brittle fracture, commonly occurring at manufacturing defects or stress concentration points.

2. Corrosion: Chemical action of the medium can cause uniform corrosion, pitting, etc., which can lead to perforation in severe cases.

3. Deformation: Overpressure, high temperature, or structural defects can cause dents or bulges.

4. Material Deterioration: Decarburization and oxidation of steel at high temperatures reduce load-bearing capacity.

II. Environmental and Operational Risks

1. Extreme Weather: Low-temperature brittleness, snow loads, lightning strikes, etc., may cause instability or control system failure.

2. Medium Characteristics: Risks include overheating and overpressure of liquefied gases, and runaway exothermic reactions.

3. Operational Errors: Opening quick-opening containers without depressurization, valve misoperation, etc.

III. Management and Maintenance Risks

1. Lack of Inspection: Failure to regularly inspect for defects such as cracks and corrosion.

2. Inadequate maintenance: Faulty safety accessories (such as safety valves) were not replaced in a timely manner.