What are the consequences of pressure vessel overpressure?

1. Explosion: The vessel ruptures instantly, releasing enormous energy, generating a shock wave, damaging buildings and facilities, and causing casualties.

2. Leakage: Seal failure leads to the leakage of toxic, flammable, or explosive media, threatening environmental and personnel safety.

3. Secondary Explosion and Combustion: Leaked flammable media mix with air and, upon encountering an ignition source, triggers a secondary explosion, creating a fire and expanding the hazard.

4. Media Injury: The spread of toxic media leads to poisoning, and high-temperature steam or media causes burns.

5. Explosive Fragments: After the vessel ruptures, high-speed flying fragments can cause additional injuries and may damage other equipment, triggering a chain reaction of accidents.